The reference standard of andrographolide (purity ≥ 95%) was purchased from Weikeqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Sichuan, China). Standard stock solutions (1 mg/ml) were obtained by dissolving the compounds and were serially diluted with methanol to obtain working standard solutions of various concentrations.

extracted and purified by our laboratory from the aerial portion of Sibiraea angustata and structural identification was done by the spectroscopic analysis. Andrographolide (≥98%), Loganin (≥98%) and Gastrodin (≥ 98%) were purchased from Sichuan Weikeqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Deionized ultrawater was used from a laboratory purification system.

Tan IIA (purity?>?98%) and Andro (purity?>?98%) were purchased from Sichuan Weikeqi Biological Tech Co., Ltd (Chengdu, China). The compounds were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as stock solutions, and further diluted with Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) to desired concentrations.

were purchased from BDGentest (Woburn, MA). (R)-fenoprofen and (S)- fenoprofen were pre-pared in-house. Andrographolide was purchased from Sichuan WeikeqiBiotechnology (Chengdu, Sichuan, China). All other reagents were ofhigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade or of the highestgrade commercially available