Standards of chicoric acid, caffeic acid, and caftaric acid (purity ≥98%) were purchased from Weikeqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Sichuan, China). Rat liver microsomes were obtained from CHI Scientific, Inc. (Massachusetts, USA). Glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P), G-6-P dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) |